The National Human Rights Museum is the first museum in Asia to be set within historical sites associated with human rights abuses in a way that powerfully brings to life the history of human rights violations during Taiwan’s martial law period. The museum's jurisdiction encompasses Jingmei White Terror Memorial Park, Green Island White Terror Memorial Park, and the AnKang Reception House.

The Human Rights Museum preserves the poignant memories of Taiwan’s many political victims and promotes the conservation, archival research, exhibits, educational outreach, and international network of artifacts dating from the martial law period. It also aids in the promotion of historical sites of injustice, and supports organizations that are dedicated to tackling contemporary human rights issues and realizing human rights principles. Through these endeavors, the museum showcases Taiwan's commitment to the universal values of democracy, freedom, and justice.